TRIZ Paper: Japan TRIZ Symposium 2010
－ The Proposal regarding “Two types of Redesigned Contradiction Matrix” for TRIZ Beginners －
Held by Japan TRIZ Society on Sept. 9-11, 2010 at Kanagawa Institute of Technology, Atsugi, Kanagawa, Japan
| TRIZ Paper: Japan TRIZ Symposium 2010 |
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| The Techniques to Detect and Solve Innovative Problems － The Proposal regarding “Two types of Redesigned Contradiction Matrix” for TRIZ Beginners － |
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| Yuji Mihara（Creative Technology Institute Co.）, Masahiro Kuwahara（IDEA Ltd.）, Yojiro Fukushima（）, Manabu Sawaguchi（Waseda Univ.）, Tetsuya Hamaguchi（The Univ. of Tokyo）, Hiroshi Osada（Tokyo Inst. of Tech.） | |
| The Sixth TRIZ Symposium in Japan, Held by Japan TRIZ Society on Sept. 9-11, 2010 at Kanagawa Institute of Technology, Atsugi, Kanagawa, Japan |
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| Introduction (from "Personal Report of Japan TRIZ Symosium 2010" ) by Toru Nakagawa (OGU), Dec. 8, 2010 | |
| Posted: Sept. 25, 2010 |
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Editor's Note (Toru Nakagawa, Sept. 21, 2011)
This paper was presented by Yuji Mihara in an Oral session of the 6th TRIZ Symposium in Japan, 2010
. As a result of participants voting, this paper obtained an "Award of Best Papers for Me", and its presentation slides have been posted publicly in the Official Site of Japan TRIZ Society since last December
.
For wider circulation of TRIZ papers, I have selected about half of the papers presented at the Japan TRIZ Symposium 2010 and am posting them in this Web site both in English and in Japanese, under the permission of the authors. Nakagawa's introduction/review to each paper was written and posted in "Personal Report of Japan TRIZ Symosium 2010" from November 2010 to April 2011, and is reposted in each page of the paper.
The present page is composed of the followings:
English page (the present page) Japanese page Abstract (in HTML) Extended Absract (in HTML) Presentation slides in PDF (in this Web site)
Presentation slides in PDF (Link to the Official Site of Japan TRIZ Society)Presentation slides in PDF (in this Web site)
Presentation slides in PDF (Link to the Official Site of Japan TRIZ Society)-- Full paper in Japanese, in PDF Nakagawa's Introduction (Excerpt of "Personal Report") -- This paper is an excellent result of discussions by six coauthors having quite different specialties besides TRIZ. Their main framework adopted here is the 'Expansion of Thoughts Diagram' well-known in the field of design engineering. They have placed the role of the TRIZ Contradiction methods in this framework. They have proposed to divide the Contradiction-Matrix parameters into two groups; one group to be considered in relation to mechanism, and the other structure. Thus, they have derived two Revised Contradiction Matrices, neglecting the cross terms between the parameter groups.
[1] Abstract
The Techniques to Detect and Solve Innovative Problems
－ The Proposal regarding “Two types of Redesigned Contradiction Matrix” for TRIZ Beginners －Yuji Mihara（Creative Technology Institute Co.）, Masahiro Kuwahara（IDEA Ltd.）,
Yojiro Fukushima（）, Manabu Sawaguchi（Waseda Univ.）,
Tetsuya Hamaguchi（The Univ. of Tokyo）, Hiroshi Osada（Tokyo Inst. of Tech.）The 6th Japan TRIZ Symposium 2010
Held by Japan TRIZ Society on Sept. 9-11, 2010
at Kanagawa Institute of Technology, Atsugi, Kanagawa, JapanAbstract
We think that skilled TRIZ practitioners studying and implementing some of TRIZ techniques several times are accustomed to a series of procedures to define each problem, formulate some challenges and create highly-valued ideas. On the other hand, it’s very hard for TRIZ beginners to reach effective solutions through utilization of existing TRIZ techniques. Therefore, in this paper, we would like to propose “Two types of Redesigned Contradiction Matrix (RCM)” developed by us as one of effective TRIZ techniques for TRIZ beginners.
Firstly in the paper, we want to make “Real Required Functions (RRFs) for TRIZ practitioners” clear.
In other words, we try to define “What do we have to do in our minds?” and “ What should we do right now ?” with thinking deployment about “RRFs”. Secondly, we would like to introduce two types of “RCM” for TRIZ beginners to understand and utilize easily. Because we noticed that not only skilled TRIZ practitioners but also some of TRIZ beginners actively use “Contradiction Matrix developed by Altshuller (Original CM)” as a convenient technique to select some applicable principles from “40 principles” and create ideas by utilizing them.
We basically focus on “a series of Functions” in the system and consider “Required Functions (RFs)” for each component in it at the upstream stage of product development activities. That is to say, we are required to define the challenges related to “Functional Parameters (FPs)”at this stage. At next stage after development design of product, we have to search the challenges regarding to “Concrete Implementation Tools (CITs)” to realize the system. That is why we decided to prepare two types of “RCM”. I n order to develop them, we tried to analyze “Original CM” and categorize “39 parameters” on it as “two types of “Redesigned New Parameters (RNPs) for two types of “RCM” from the standpoint of TRIZ beginners. I n addition, we have the guidelines for beginners to use two types of “RCM” easily at our fingertips. We expect to be used proposed “RCM” for TRIZ beginners as the gate to enter “attractive TRIZ world” without having a resistance to utilize a series of TRIZ techniques.
[2] Presentation Slides and Full Paper in PDF
Presentation Slides in English in PDF (30 slides, 214 KB)
(to JTS site)
Presentation Slides in Japanese in PDF (30 slides, 1.0 MB)
(to JTS site)
Full Paper in Japanese in PDF (8 pages, 399 KB)
[3] Introduction by Nakagawa:
Excerpt from:
Personal Report of
The Sixth TRIZ Symposium in Japan, 2010
Part C. Integral Use of TRIZ with Relevant Methods
Toru Nakagawa (Osaka Gakuin University)
Mar. 3, 2011 (Posted on Mar. 13, 2010)
Yuji Mihara (Creative Technology Institute Co.), Masahiro Kuwahara (IDEA Ltd.), Yojiro Fukushima ( ), Manabu Sawaguchi (Waseda University), Tetsuya Hamaguchi (The University of Tokyo), and Hiroshi Osada (Tokyo Institute of Technology) [J21, O-19] gave an Oral presentation with the title of "The Techniques to Detect and Solve Innovative Problems － The Proposal regarding “Two types of Redesigned Contradiction Matrix” for TRIZ Beginners －". This is a discussion group of experts having quite different backgrounds, e.g. TQM, AD, Expansion of Thinking Method, VE, QFD, IE, TRIZ, USIT, IT, etc., and coming from both industries and academia. This diversity of specialty has contributed uniquely to criticize some dogmas in the TRIZ community, as you will see soon. This presentation was chosen one of the four for the Award of 'Best presentation for me' by the voting of the Symposium participants. Official Web site of Japan TRIZ Society has publicly posted the presentation slides both in English
We think that skilled TRIZ practitioners studying and implementing some of TRIZ techniques several times are accustomed to a series of procedures to define each problem, formulate some challenges and create highly-valued ideas. On the other hand, it’s very hard for TRIZ beginners to reach effective solutions through utilization of existing TRIZ techniques. Therefore, in this paper, we would like to propose “Two types of Redesigned Contradiction Matrix (RCM)” developed by us as one of effective TRIZ techniques for TRIZ beginners.
Firstly in the paper, we want to make “Real Required Functions (RRFs) for TRIZ practitioners” clear. In other words, we try to define “What do we have to do in our minds?” and “ What should we do right now ?” with thinking deployment about “RRFs”. Secondly, we would like to introduce two types of “RCM” for TRIZ beginners to understand and utilize easily. Because we noticed that not only skilled TRIZ practitioners but also some of TRIZ beginners actively use “Contradiction Matrix developed by Altshuller (Original CM)” as a convenient technique to select some applicable principles from “40 principles” and create ideas by utilizing them.
We basically focus on “a series of Functions” in the system and consider “Required Functions (RFs)” for each component in it at the upstream stage of product development activities. That is to say, we are required to define the challenges related to “Functional Parameters (FPs)”at this stage. At next stage after development design of product, we have to search the challenges regarding to “Concrete Implementation Tools (CITs)” to realize the system. That is why we decided to prepare two types of “RCM”. In order to develop them, we tried to analyze “Original CM” and categorize “39 parameters” on it as “two types of “Redesigned New Parameters (RNPs) for two types of “RCM” from the standpoint of TRIZ beginners. In addition, we have the guidelines for beginners to use two types of “RCM” easily at our fingertips. We expect to be used proposed “RCM” for TRIZ beginners as the gate to enter “attractive TRIZ world” without having a resistance to utilize a series of TRIZ techniques.
The main framework of this presentation is "Expansion of Thoughts Diagram" as shown in the slide (right). This is a widely recognized/understood framework in the field of design engineering.
[*** Since I do not have orthodox education in engineering, I cannot trace well how it developed and how widely it has been approved. I just know that the group of mechanical engineers at The University of Tokyo has been using this framework for over 20 years. The group, Emeritus Professor Youjiro Hatamura, Professor Masayuki Nakao, Dr. Tetsuya Hamaguchi, et al., was once the pioneers in Japan in introducing TRIZ in mid-late 90s, but was rather critical on TRIZ for over these 10 years. Hence the present paper may be regarded as an important turning point in the relationship between the group and TRIZ, i.e. a kind of solution of contradiction between the two methodologies.]
The framework advises that product development should be carried out by defining the higher-level concepts first and then going down to the lower level concepts step by step as shown in the slide. Distinguishing the concepts at the levels of Task, Function Requirement, Mechanism, and Structure is important. Any problem in technology may start at some level and we are apt to try to solve it at the level and lower; but we should better go up the level to some extent before going down in order to solve the problem in deeper sense.
The typical process of problem solving with TRIZ is characterized by the Authors as shown in the slide (right). The problem is typically formulated with TRIZ that a current (or proposed) mechanism (Mech A) is good for a Functional Requirement (FR1) but poor/unsatisfactory for another (FR2). The Contradiction ( including both Technical and Physical Contradictions in TRIZ Terms) can hopefully be solved by using TRIZ Contradiction Matrix (and Separation Principle) and Inventive Principles, so that a newly proposed mechanism (Mech B) are good for both FR1 and FR2. This is a way of applying TRIZ effectively in the Mind Process, i.e. the development of ideas in the framework of "Expansion of Thoughts Diagram". [*** The positioning of TRIZ in this way is fair and clear, I feel.]
Then the Authors demonstrate a case study, taken from the work in the field of micro machines, i.e. a specialty of the group of The Univ. of Tokyo. The task is to develop a tool for stacking 1 micro-meter cubes under the view with a microscope (see slide (below-left)). A typical idea may be using micro-tweezers (Mech A). The tool was found good for holding the micro-cube but impossible for releasing it at the desired position. The cube actually stick to either tip of the micro-tweezers. This happens because the surface force of attraction is much larger than the gravity force of the cube in the world of micro-meter scale. A new tool (Mech B) has been developed where the micro-cube is attracted to a tipped dielectric bar with a certain, say positive, voltage and then is released from the bar by applying an opposite voltage to the bar (see slide (below-right)).
The case study is explained in the framework of "Expansion of Thought Diagram", as shown in the slide (below-right). The micro-tweezers (Mech A) tried to achieve the task by pinching the micro-cube (by closing the tips) and by releasing it (by opening the tips), but it does not work well for releasing. The dielectric bar is the new solution (Mech B). It attracts the cube by applying a certain voltage at the bar tip and repulse it by applying an opposite voltage; the mechanism achieved the both Functional Requirements well. The Authors explain that the initial understanding of Functional Requirements as Pinching/Releasing the object (or more specifically Closing/Opening the tips) was too specific, and that if we revise them as Attract/Repulse the objects (by applying Positive/Negative voltage to the bar) our understanding is still at the same specific level. The Authors advise to go higher level (or generalized level) of Functional Requirements by using the words of Attach/Separate the object. [*** I agree with their advice, but the wording of Hold/Release the object seems to be natural and general enough.]
On the basis of the general framework expressed by "Expansion of Thought Diagram", the Authors have proceeded to revise the framework of the TRIZ Contradiction Matrix. Their point is that the TRIZ Contradiction Matrix (both Altshuller's classical one and Darrell Mann's modernized ones) mixes up the two different levels, i.e. the Mechanism level (of qualitative nature) and the Structure level (of quantitative nature). They think that it is better to separate the two levels in thinking in solving the contradictions and to redesign the Contradiction Matrix into two simpler Redesigned Contradiction Matrices, RCM1 and RCM2. The 39 parameters by Altshuller have been reclassified into 24 parameters, and divided into two groups, one group for RCM1 and the other for RCM2.
RCM1 is shown in the slide (below). The 13 (reclassified) parameters used in this matrix are called "Parameters regarding performance". They include Reliability, Precision, Harmful effects, Operability, Control complexity, Maintenance/reparability, Adaptability/versatility, Durability, Manufacturability/productivity, Amount/loss of substance, Amount/loss of information, Amount/los of time, and Energy. The RCM1 Matrix shown in the slide (below) has been obtained by using the information of recommended Invention Principles accumulated in Altshuller's original Contradiction Matrix. In the diagonal cells, Separation Principles are indicated by B1 through B4.
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The second Redesigned Contradiction Matrix RCM2 is shown in the slide (below). This matrix is related to the "Parameters regarding shape and design". The 11 parameters are: Weight of object, Length of object, Area of object, Volume of object, Speed, Force/torque, Stress or pressure, Shape, Strength, Temperature, and Illumination intensity. Thus the 39x39 Contradiction Matrix has been reduced into the two RCMs of size 13x13 and 11x11. The crossing cells between RCM1 and RCM2 parameters are simply neglected, with the consideration of the separation of the thinking levels.
The Inventive Principles shown in the RCM1 and RCM2 are similar but revised one from the original ones developed by Altshuller. The Authors believe it better to simplify the Altshuller's Inventive Principles by grouping similar, only-slightly different ones together. The table shown in the slide (right) summarizes their results of revision. The 40 Inventive Principles in the right-most column of the table are regrouped into 25 New Inventive Principles. For the purpose of keeping the compatibility with the original Principles, the New Principles have the numberings of representative ones. For example, the original two Principles (1) Segmentation and (2) Separation/taking out are unified into the New Inventive Principle (1); the number (2) is skipped in the table of New Inventive Principles. In this manner, the Redesigned Contradiction Matrices, RCM1 and RCM2, are easier to use for the beginners to TRIZ. A case study of using RCM's are demonstrated in the presentation, but is omitted in this review.
[*** As you see, this presentation has a clear and standard framework in design engineering and uses it for clarifying some basic features in TRIZ, to make TRIZ easier for beginners. It is desirable to teach and apply the new RCM's to various examples for demonstrating its easiness in learning and its effectiveness in actual use. Anyway the ideas in this presentation are valuable, I suppose. The presentation slides are translated into English by the Authors, and are easy to follow in their logic. I recommend you to read them. ]
| Top of this page | Abstract | Presentation Slides in PDF |
Presentation slides in Japanese |
Full Paper in Japanese |
Nakagawa's Introduction (Excerpt from Personal Report) | Nakagawa's Personal Report of Japan TRIZ Symp. 2010 |
Japan TRIZ Symp. 2010 |
Japanese page |
Last updated on Sept. 25, 2011. Access point: Editor: nakagawa@ogu.ac.jp
