TRIZ論文: ETRIA TFC 2007 論文
手法は必要ないのか?

Peter Schweizer (MethoSys GmbH, スイス)

ETRIA TFC 2007: 欧州TRIZ協会 (ETRIA) 主催 TRIZ国際会議
2007年11月6-8日、ドイツ、フランクフルト市
訳: 森久 光雄 ((株) 創造開発イニシアチブ) 、2008年 7月17日
掲載:2008. 9.17.    著者の許可を得て掲載。無断転載禁止。

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編集ノート (中川徹、2007年 9月 8日)

本論文は、昨年11月の 欧州TRIZ協会 (ETRIA) 主催のTRIZ国際会議で発表された、興味深い論文です。この論文は人々の手法一般に対する心理的な反応を論じ、TRIZの推進においてどのようなスタンスを取るとよいのかを論じています。私は、この国際会議の報告を書き、和文では概要だけ、英文で詳細な記述をして、今年の2月8日に掲載しました。この論文についても、かなり詳しく記述し、ETRIA での発表においても随分多くの議論があったことを報告しています。

上記の国際会議報告を掲載してしばらくしてから、森久光雄さん (創造開発イニシアチブ) からメールをいただき、このSchweizerの論文を翻訳したいとの申し出でした。早速著者に翻訳の許可を貰い、論文とスライドのファイルを受領しました。森久さんが、論文とスライドの両方を翻訳完成して、送付くださったのが7月14日です(推敲版7/17)。訳にざっと目を通させていただき、非常にデリケートな論文を適切に訳して下さっていると思いました。今日ようやく掲載作業ができ、TRIZシンポジウムの前に本ホームページに掲載するという約束をなんとか果たせそうです。

なお、本ページはつぎの構成にしており、和文と英文ページを並行させております。

論文  PDF   (和訳: 森久光雄)     

発表スライド  PDF   (和訳: 森久光雄)

中川の論文紹介  (ETRIA 国際会議報告の抜粋)  [英文のまま (和訳予定)]  

本論文の和訳、および和文・英文での『TRIZホームページ』掲載を許可いただいた著者に感謝します。
また、ボランティアでしっかりした和訳をしていただきました森久光雄さんに厚く感謝いたします。

 
本ページの先頭 和訳論文 PDF 和訳スライド PDF 中川 紹介文 ETRIA国際会議報告(和文概要) ETRIA 国際会議報告 (英文詳細) 英文ページ

 


 

  論文  PDF   (和訳: 森久光雄)     

論文の目次は下記のようである。

1 なぜ手法なのか?

2  問題の構築

3 どのようにして問題を解決できるか

4 だが,私たちが正しくなかったらどうなる?

4.1 心理的な防衛反応
4.2 防衛は非常に自然な反応である
4.3 隠れた利益
4.4 反対を受ける可能性のある原因

5 手法は新しいアイデアどころかそれ以上の防衛を生み出すのはなぜか

5.1 手法一般について
5.2 なぜTRIZ は特に受け入れられにくいか?

6 産業界のTRIZ

6.1 いくつかの典型的な物語
6.2 TRIZはどうしたら産業界に受け容れられるか

7 TRIZや他の手法を使い続けるべき理由と方法は?

7.1 まず,現実を受け入れよう
7.2 世界を変えようとするのはやめよう
7.3 もし成功したいならば,彼らが欲しいと言うものではなく,本当に彼らに必要なものを売りこもう.
7.4 少し理不尽であり続けよう!

  発表スライド  PDF   (和訳: 森久光雄)


本論文の紹介 (中川 徹、2008年 9月 7日)

中川 徹: 「Personal Report of ETRIA TFC 2007」 (2008. 2. 8、『TRIZホームページ』掲載 (英文)) 中の関連部分を和訳して示す。 [和訳の予定ですが、今日は時間がありません。後日。]

Peter Schweizer (MethoSys GmbH, Switzerland) [42] gave a presentation with the title of "No Need for Methods?".  This presentation was interesting in its description of peoples' reactions to a method, e.g. TRIZ, and of our (promoters') choices of re-reactions.  In fact, there were a lot of discussions just after this presentation.  I will quote the Author's Abstract here first:

In the first part, the psychological mechanisms are explained, for example, why methods and tools are not appealing.  This is especially the case in R&D.  Really good ideas are often neither accepted nor realized.  In the second part it is shown that you do not need to be a masochist to propose methods.  Ways are shown, how methods and TRIZ could get a broader acceptance, or at least how hopeless situations can be recognized earlier, so we do not waste our time on them.  And finally, it is shown why and where, despite the resistance, it is worth going on with our support for TRIZ and other methods.

The Author first discuss how we, human being, perceive our environment.  The following figure shows our mental procedure of perceiving an environment and forming our problems.  After filtering information from environment, we form my vision "how it is" and compare it with my vision "how it should be".  If there is a difference, we have a problem. 

When we can live with the difference, the problem is no longer an acute problem.  Different professionals have their preference on how they reduce the difference.  Thus, "We do not want to solve problems.  We only want to prove that we are right.", the Author writes.  If it turns out that we are not right, we feel uncertainty, fear, distress, and conflict, and then show psychological defense reactions (See the following figure, left).  Defence is a very natural reaction for every living things, the Author says.  We often show resistance to the problem focus because of hidden profit (economic, emotional, etc. even without awaring of it) and fear against next goal when the problem is solved (See the figure right).  The strongest opposition is always based on emotions (usually fear), and these emotions have various origins.

      

Then the Author goes ahead to discuss about the nature of methods, and of TRIZ in particular.  The Author writes: "Methods do not only match with all the above causes, they even expect us to change the way we think.  They question the way we have always thought!  Isn't this terrifying?".  Concerning to TRIZ he writes as follows:

Besides the normal NIH (Not Invented Here) Syndrome, I have three more hypotheses why TRIZ has taken off so slowly:
1.  TRIZ is not just a new idea, it is a method and against our traditional way of thinking.
2.  TRIZ takes time to learn and needs continuous training.
3.   For an average R&D employee there is no opportunity to use it often enough to become a TRIZ expert.
[*** I would like to discuss about these points later.]

Concerning to the reality of TRIZ in industry, the Author writes four typical cases.  All of them are very interesting, but here I have a space to cite only the first case:

In a company that develops and produces installations for the building industry, the R&D manager buys CAI software and an intensive training for a team of volunteers. All R&D members get a short introduction in TRIZ and a presentation for what it could be useful.   From the volunteers at the end remain two champions who regularly support other projects very successfully. After three years, the R&D management changes. One of the champions retires early and the other finishes a post graduate course and changes to another company. The new R&D manager is no fond of methods and newly hired employees are not interested in them either. After 3 years of successfully using TRIZ, there is no more TRIZ experience and no more interest in TRIZ in this company.

After 8 years of experience in selling CAI software, the Author writes about three preconditions for TRIZ to be successfully introduced.  They are: (1) A champion (better a team of champions), (2) Management support, and (3) Budget to invest in education and probably also in software.  The Author also writes: "Most successful are companies where there is a team of consultants that support R&D project teams in solving problems with TRIZ and other methods.  Besides mastering the methods, the consultants' personalities are important.  They must be people everybody likes to cooperate with.  It is also important that these consultants work for free. Because the project leaders don't want to spend money when they do not know in advance what kind of ideas will come out."

On the basis of all these observations, the Author advises/proposes to promote TRIZ in the following ways:
(a) First accept the reality that TRIZ is (for different reasons) not attractive for most of the rest of the world.
(b) Do not try to change the world. Be patient. For the acceptance of new ideas, it always takes much more time than we expect. And if you are the pioneer in your company, move on slowly and carefully so that others can also follow you.
(c) If you want to be successful, sell the people what they really need, not what they say they want.
(d) Continue to be a little bit unreasonable!

*** This talk was so interesting that it raised a lot of discussions just after the presentation, though I cannot recall them now.  I myself got more and more frustrated (i.e., finding differences) during the talk.  Even though the environment may be different in Europe from in Japan, we should (or may/can) promote TRIZ better by slightly adjusting the TRIZ methodology itself and by adjusting ourselves, I feel.  Corresponding to Authors' points I have some short comments here (some of which I raised during the discussion):

(1) TRIZ is a new methodology, many of its methods are new to us but some are more or less similar to our original thinking and only few are 'against' our traditional way of thinking. Most of TRIZ is already westernized without loosing its essence.

(2) TRIZ should be and already is made simpler and unified (in the form of USIT, in my case).  Thus learning time is shortened already (2-dayUSIT training is enough), though continuous training (and self-training) is necessary/much desirable.

(3) We should not try to train every (or average) R&D employees to become TRIZ (or USIT) experts.  We should train a smaller percentage of R&D people as TRIZ (or USIT) experts who can guide and support all other R&D people in the real projects.

(4) It is important to raise voluntary pioneers of TRIZ into TRIZ champions.  Wider penetration of TRIZ information (e.g. by Web site) is necessary to get larger number of volunteers, and deeper information/training need to be available for training them into TRIZ champions.

 


 

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最終更新日 : 2008. 9.17.     連絡先: 中川 徹  nakagawa@ogu.ac.jp